Tuberculosis can affect any organ of the body. The most common organ affected is the lung. When lung is affected, it is called "Pulmonary TB". Pulmonary TB can be of two types – Sputum positive TB and Sputum-negative TB depending on whether the organisms may be demonstrated to be present in the patient’s sputum or not. Other organs of the body like the pleura, lymph nodes, bone, meninges, intestine, reproductive system, skin etc can also be affected. When TB occurs in any of the organs other than the lungs, it is called "Extra pulmonary TB". Sometimes patients may have both Pulmonary and Extra pulmonary tuberculosis – such patients are classified as having pulmonary TB under NTEP.
Pulmonary TB
Pulmonary TB occurs when M.
tuberculosis primarily attacks the lungs. However, it can spread from
there to other organs. Pulmonary TB is curable with an early diagnosis and
antibiotic treatment.
Extra Pulmonary TB (EPTB)
EPTB refers to TB involving organs other than
the lungs (e.g., pleura, lymph nodes, abdomen, genitourinary tract, skin,
joints and bones, or meninges). A patient with both pulmonary and EPTB is
classified as a case of PTB.
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